PROGRESSIVE SYSTEM OF EXECUTION OF PUNISMENT: HISTORICAL AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS EXPERIENCE OF RUSSIA AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Nikolaeva V.K.
Academy of the FPS of Russia (Ryazan, Russia), applicant of the faculty of scientific and pedagogical personnel of the Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.
Annotation:
The article considers the progressive system of execution of punishments in the context of its historical development. The goals and principles of the progressive system, its elements are given. The author makes a comparative analysis of the experience of England, Ireland, France, the USA and Russia in the formation of this system. Having originated in England, the principles and elements of the progressive system of execution of punishment began to spread to the penitentiary systems of other states and countries. In this context, Russia has a special experience in the formation of a progressive system, associated with numerous attempts to implement it for decades in the XIX-XX centuries. Special attention is paid to the criticism of the progressive system of execution of sentences in each country, as well as the continuity of such experience in the modern penitentiary system. Conclusions are drawn that the formation of a progressive system of execution of punishment was based on the national legal characteristics and features of the correctional system of each country, and was also conditioned by the historical development of statehood.
Keywords:
progressive system of serving sentences; vintage system; star system; reformatory; penal code.
